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Vertical farming stacks growing trays inside climate-controlled warehouses, allowing crops to be —cultivatedcultivatecultivatingcultivation regardless of season or outdoor weather. Because plants receive precisely calibrated light and nutrients, growth cycles can be —shortenedshortenshorteningshortens significantly compared with traditional fields. Critics note that the electricity required to run these facilities is considerable, so the method remains most —viableviabilityviablyvial where land is scarce and energy is relatively —cheapcheaplycheapnesscheaper.