Multiple Choice, Single Answer

Read the passage and answer the question.

Repair cafes, informal gatherings where volunteers help visitors mend broken household items, emerged partly as a reaction against the growing difficulty of fixing modern appliances. Many contemporary devices are built with sealed casings, proprietary screws, or glued components that discourage disassembly, a design trend critics call planned obsolescence. Volunteers at repair cafes report that a significant portion of their time is spent not on the repair itself but on simply opening the device without damaging it further. Beyond the practical outcome of a fixed toaster or lamp, organizers argue the events serve a secondary purpose: transferring basic technical skills to attendees who might otherwise never learn how the objects in their homes actually function.