Multiple Choice, Single Answer
1 questions. Answer them all, then submit once for your section score.
Read the passage and answer the question.
Modern streetlight design has shifted from a singular focus on brightness toward a more nuanced balancing of visibility, energy use, and ecological impact. Early sodium-vapour lamps cast a wide orange glow but wasted much of their output as skyward glare, contributing to light pollution that disorients nocturnal insects and migrating birds. Newer LED fixtures direct light downward with far greater precision, reducing wasted illumination while using a fraction of the electricity. However, some studies note that the cooler, bluer light emitted by many LEDs can disrupt sleep patterns in nearby residents more than the warmer sodium glow did, prompting several cities to specify warmer-toned LEDs despite their slightly lower efficiency.